1915 Cleveland Hospital Association founded in an unsuccessful attempt to gain hospital privileges and access to hospital care for African Americans

1915 Musical Arts Association established by Adella Prentiss Hughes to create and manage the Cleveland Orchestra

1916 Cleveland Play House founded to provide socially relevant drama

1916 Women’s Protective Association established to protect women and girls from social and moral dangers and to provide them with legal assistance

1916 Christ Child Society established by Mabel Higgins Mattingly to serve the needs of the poor, unborn, children, and the elderly

1917 Welfare Federation of Cleveland created through merger of the Federation of Charity and Philanthropy and the Cleveland Welfare council; becomes Federation for Community Planning in 1971 and the Center for Community Solutions in 2004

1917 Urban League of Greater Cleveland established as the Negro Welfare Association of Cleveland to address racial barriers to economic opportunities

1917 Jasper H. Sheadle Trust established by Jasper Sheadle to provide pensions for the elderly

1918 The War Chest Campaign conducted as a joint effort to raise funds for World War I war effort and the needs of the Welfare Federation of Cleveland; raised almost $12 million and allowed the Welfare Federation to concentrate on social welfare planning as opposed to fundraising

1918 Goodwill Industries of Greater Cleveland established to train and employ the disabled and to solicit, repair, and sell donated clothing and household items

1919 Cleveland Community Chest (United Way) established based upon the success of the War Chest Campaign; first United Way effort in the United States; used scientific management methods of modern business to professionalize community fundraising and public education efforts; established charity as a community responsibility as opposed to the responsibility of the very wealthy

1919 Catholic Charities Corporation of Cleveland established to centralize fundraising for Roman Catholic charities in Cleveland

1919 Scottish Old Folks Home (later known as Braeburn House) established by the St. Andrew’s Scottish Benevolent Society to house older natives of Scotland and their families

1919 Merrick House Social Settlement established in Tremont by National Catholic War Council

1919 Orthodox Jewish Children’s Home established to raise orphans in the Orthodox faith and place orphans in Orthodox homes

1920 Cleveland Institute of Music established by Martha Bell Sanders and Mary Hutchens Smith

1920 Welfare Association for Jewish Children established to place orphans in foster homes

1920 Jewish Day Nursery founded for children of working, poor, ill, and deceased parents

1920 Cleveland Museum of Natural History established

1920 Travelers Aid Society established to aid and protect travelers upon arrival in Cleveland

1920 Cleveland Clinic Foundation established by Drs. George Crile, Frank Bunts, William Lower, and John Phillips to provide patient care within a setting of education and research